ABC: partnership on algorithmic bias and safety in Canada




who we are

ABC is a University of Toronto-based interdisciplinary research initiative focused on understanding and addressing algorithmic bias in Canada.Through academic collaboration, public engagement, and partnerships with industry, government, and Indigenous communities, we aim to promote understanding about the effects of algorithmic bias and to shape more equitable AI systems.


news

> Speakers for our Fall 2026 seminar series have been announced. See our line-up below!> The ABC Partinership was featured in an article published by the Faculty of Arts and Science titled "When the algorithm is wrong: A new partnership calls out racism in AI systems." Read here> ABC postdoctoral researcher, Dr. Miron Clay-Gilmore, co-hosts the podcast series, "Algorithms of Empire". Listen here> ABC postdoctoral researcher, Dr. Miron Clay-Gilmore has a new article out in American Philosophical Quarterly: "Paradoxes of Being": Read here


ABC seminar series

Fall 2026
wednesdays 3:00-5:00pm
Centre for Ethics
15 Devonshire Place


sept 16
Leonard Harris
Purdue University
Necro-Being and the Limits of Ethical Theory


sept 30
Ashique KhudaBukhsh
Rochester Institute of Technology

Algorithmic Bias & LLM Failure Modes


oct 14
Ellen Abrams
University of Toronto

Quantification, Knowledge, and Governance


nov 4
Ahmed Ilmi
University of Toronto

Racializing Algorithms, Empire, and Digital Resistance:" The Somali Farud Story


nov 18
Evan Light
University of Toronto

Facial Recognition and Mass Surveillance


dec 2
Beth Coleman
University of Toronto

Data colonialism



ABC events

-------------------------------------------------
Public Panel Technophilosophy Soiree on AI in Science
25 September, 2026
A public panel and discussion on the use of Artificial intelligence as a tool for scientific research, including philosophical questions around how AI could fundamentally change how scientific discoveries are made.-------------------------------------------------Aligning LLMs with human wellbeing
9 July, 2026
An interdisciplinary workshop covering (i) debates within the philosophy of well-being, with the goal of reaching a defensible notion of well-being that we can operationalize for our project, as well as (ii) different accounts of the role of technology (especially computing technologies) in supporting human well-being.-------------------------------------------------A Workshop on Algorithm Bias & Black Male Studies
29-30 June, 2026
An interdisciplinary workshop addressing how racism is being reproduced through AI and how AI technologies can be located within the long history of slavery and colonization.-------------------------------------------------The Technologization of Counterinsurgency
10 February, 2026
A special event at the Centre for Ethics, sharing a data visualization exhibition published by the Clay-Gilmore Institute that examines the algorithmic management of racialized life--a condition in which the logic of counterinsurgency has migrated from the battlefiedl to the domestic sphere.-------------------------------------------------AI Companions
14 January, 2026
A special event at the Centre for Ethics, with speakers Yiran Hua, Michael Inzlicht and Paul Bloom discuss ethical questions surrounding AI companions.-------------------------------------------------The Ethics of Griefbots
11-12 December, 2025
A workshop on the ethics of griefbots held at the Centre for Ethics with speakers Hugo Cossette-Lefebvre, Jenny Lau, Anna Su, Daniel Buchman, Yiran Hua, and Karina Vold-------------------------------------------------Technophilosophy Soiree on AI Companionship
16 September, 2025
A public event held at the Schwartz Reisman Institute for Technology and Society with speakers Jelena Markovic, Michael Inzlicht, Anastasia Kuzminykh, Jocelyn Maclure, and Karina Vold discuss ethical questions surrounding AI companions.


members


William Paris
(PI)
Professor of Philosophy, University of TorontoResearch areas: history of African American philosophy, critical theory, political philosophy


Karina Vold
(PI)
Professor of Philosophy, Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology and the Department of Philosophy, University of TorontoResearch areas: philosophy of AI, cognitive science, mind, ethics of technology


Sergio Tenenbaum
(PI)
Professor of Philosophy, Director of the Centre for Ethics, University of TorontoResearch areas: Ethics, Practical Reason, Philosophy of Action, Kant


Miron Clay-Gilmore
(Postdoctoral Fellow)
Centre for Ethics, University of TorontoResearch areas: philosophy of AI, race, Africana philosophy, black male studies


Ellen Abrams
(Collaborator)
Assistant Professor at the Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology, University of TorontoResearch areas: history of science and mathematics, STS, critical data studies


Ishtiaque Ahmed
(Collaborator)
Associate Professor of Computer Science, University of TorontoResearch areas: computer science, responsible AI, Human-Computer Interaction AI policy


Rima Basu
(Collaborator)
Associate Professor of Philosophy, Claremont McKenna CollegeResearch areas: ethics, epistemology, philosophy of race, social philosophy


Gideon Christian
(Collaborator)
Professor of AI and Law, University Excellence Research Chair in AI and Law, University of CalgaryResearch areas: AI and Law, environmental impacts of new and emerging technologies


Ryoa Chung
(Collaborator)
Professor of Philosophy, Université de MontréalResearch areas: international relations, feminist studies, political philosophy, global health


Jerome Clarke
(Collaborator)
Assistant Professor of Philosophy and Religion, American UniversityResearch areas: technology ethics, critical philosophy of race, social philosophy


Beth Coleman
(Collaborator)
Assistant Professor at the Institute of Communication, Culture, Information and Technology; Knowledge Media Design Institute Director, University of TorontoResearch areas: STS, data, responsible AI, race, smart technologies


Rachel Cripps
(Graduate Fellow)
PhD student in the Department of Philosophy, University of TorontoResearch areas: philosophy of AI, alignment, climate and environmental ethics


Jesslyn Dymond
(Collaborator)
Director of Data Ethics at TELUS leading the approach to responsible data-driven innovation, drawing on a background of privacyResearch areas: Responsible AI, AI Governance, Data Ethics, Indigenous Reconciliation


Sina Fazelpour
(Collaborator)
Assistant Professor of Philosophy and Computer Science, Northeastern UniversityResearch areas: philosophy of AI, cognitive science, computational social science


Helena Gagnier
(Collaborator)
Strategy Manager, Data Ethics & Trust Engagement at TELUSResearch areas: data ethics, responsible AI, public trust in technology


Gabbrielle Johnson
(Collaborator)
Assistant Professor of Philosophy, Claremont McKenna CollegeResearch areas: philosophy of cognitive science, psychology, and AI, social bias


Edward Jones-Imhotep
(Collaborator)
Professor and Director on leave of the Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and TechnologyResearch areas: history of science and technology, esp. the social and cultural life of machines


Rachel Katz
(Graduate Fellow)
PhD student at the Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology, University of TorontoResearch areas: philosophy of psychiatry, AI ethics, bioethics


Yoelit Lipinsky
(Collaborator)
Data Ethicist at TELUSResearch areas: data ethics, data science, responsible AI


Jocelyn Maclure
(Collaborator)
Professor of Philosophy and Stephen A. Jarislowsky Chair on Human Nature and Technology at McGill UniversityResearch areas: ethics, political philosophy, the philosophy of AI and social epistemology


Kimiya Missaghi
(Collaborator)
PhD Candidate in the Institute of Feminist and Gender Studies, University of OttawaResearch areas: STS, ethics of AI, feminist migration studies, refugee governance


Julia Minarik
(Graduate Fellow)
PhD student in the Department of Philosophy, University of TorontoResearch areas: Philosophy of Mind, Epistemology, Aesthetics, Pragmatism


Ramaravind K. Mothilal
(Graduate Fellow)
PhD Student in Computer Science, University of TorontoResearch areas: AI safety, Reasoning, Human-Computer Interaction, Natural Language Processing, Informal Logic, Argumentation


Osonde A. Osoba
(Collaborator)
Professor of Policy Analysis, RAND School of Public PolicyResearch areas: machine learning, policy analysis, algorithmic bias, AI safety


Zachary Smith
(Collaborator)
Associate Director of the Chiefs of Ontario's (COO) Research and Data Management (RDM) sector


Benjamin Wald
(Collaborator)
Assistant Professor in Philosophy, Univeristy of TorontoResearch areas: ethics of AI, moral theory and philosophy of action


Kristin Voigt
(Collaborator)
Associate Professor with the Institute for Health and Social Policy and Department of Philosophy, McGill UniversityResearch areas: moral philosophy, applied ethics, health and social policy


past fellows


Leena Abdelrahim
(Graduate Fellow)
PhD student in the Department of Philosophy, University of TorontoResearch areas: social epistemology, social philosophy, artificial intelligence, philosophy of race.


Andrea Cheung
(undergraduate fellow)
Undergraduate student double majoring in Ethics, Society & Law and Women & Gender Studies, University of TorontoResearch areas: Responsible AI, Indigenous Reconciliation, Privacy in Biometric Technologies


Emily Huynh
(undergraduate fellow)
Undergraduate student double majoring in Molecular Genetics & Microbiology and Cell & Molecular Biology, University of TorontoResearch areas: ethics of AI, philosophy of AI, responsible AI


Petrina van Nieuwstadt
(undergraduate fellow)
Undergraduate student specializing in Philosophy, University of Torontoethics of AI, algorithm bias, political epistemology, philosophy of religion, critical theory


partners

University of Toronto

Centre for Ethics, University of Toronto

Centre de recherche en éthique/Centre for Research in Ethics (CRÉ), Québec

Chiefs of Ontario

Department of Philosophy, University of Toronto

Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology, University of Toronto

Schwartz Reisman Institute for Technology and Society, University of Toronto

Data & Trust Office, TELUS Corporation


research


2027

> Filtered Faces: Facial Recognition, Race, and Digital Eugenics in Online Dating. Cheung, A. The Algorithmic Bias Project in Canada's Undergraduate Fellow Research Series: No. 1> Extended Cognition in the Age of Generative Artificial Intelligence. Vold, K. (Forthcoming). In The Future of the Extended Mind. Oxford University Press.> Ethical Considerations in using Artificial Intelligence in Organ Transplantation.
Vold, K., Orlandi, M., Hall, J., Huynh, E., Katz, R., and Gross, J. (Forthcoming). In the University of Toronto Press. Eds. M. Bhat and A. Sidhu.


2026

> Productionized Fairness Measurement Under Privacy Constraints
Osoba, O., He, Y., Badrinarayanan, S., Mithal, V., Jain, S., Pillai, N.S. (2026).
> The Broken Machine: Histories of Technology, Social Order, and the Self
Jones-Imhotep, E. (2026). MIT Press.
> Caution against anthropomorphising the virtues
Katz, R.A. and Buchman, D.Z. (2026). Journal BMJ Health & Care Informatics 33(1): e102250.
> The normative structure of imperfection
Nefsky, J. and Tenenbaum, S. (2026). Philosophical Studies: 1-20.
> Forced Migration and Health Justice
Eds. Eckenwiler, L.A., Wild, V., Gotlib, A., Chung, R., and Zion, D. (2026). Oxford University Press.
> Trust in Human–Artificial Intelligence Interactions.
Coleman. B. (2026). SSRN.
> Paradoxes of Being: On Epistemology (MAN) and the use of AI for the purposes of Racial Domination and Warfare in the 21st Century
Clay-Gilmore, M. Lopez, S., and Taylor Jr., MR. (2026). American Philosophical Quarterly 63 (2): 169-181.
> Designing For Human Flourishing: A Sociotechnical Framework For AI Chatbots
Tay, L. Vold, K., Liou, G. Kumar, H., Harris, D.R., and Anderson, A. (2026). PsyArXiv: 1-27
> A Taxonomy of AI Value Alignment: subproblems and solutions
Harris, D., Vold, K., Kumar, H., Ashton, A. (2026). ACM/AAAI AI Ethics and Society Conference Proceedings.
> Contemporary Issues in Black Philosophy
Clay-Gilmore, M. et al. (2026). American Philosophical Quarterly 63(2): 111-117.
> Evaluating Second-Order Bias of LLMs Through Epistemic Entitlement
Mothilal, R.K., Zhang, T. J., Ahmed, R., Jin, Z., Guha, S., and Ahmed, S. I. (2026).
arXiv:2606.17506
> Augmenting Military Decision Making with Artificial Intelligence
Vold, K. (2026). Cambridge Forum on AI: Law and Governance.
> We Need Large Language Models Optimized For Our Well-Being
Anderson, A., Kumar, H., Vold, K. and Tay, L., (2026). Position paper at the 2026 International Conference for Machine Learning (ICML'26).
> Notes from Inside the Killing Machine
Clay-Gilmore, M. (2026) Philosophy and Global Affairs 6(1): 141-177.
> Ambiguity collapse by llms: a taxonomy of epistemic risks Gur-Arieh, S., Wang, A., Fazelpour. S. (2026). ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency: 5959-5980> Navigating epistemic monocultures in AI-driven science: A simulation study
Fazelpour, S., O’Brien, J., Rubin, H., (2026). Journal Philosophy of Science: 1-24.


2025

> Human-Centered AI Applications for Canada's Immigration Settlement Sector Nejadgholi, I., Molamohammadi, M., Missaghi, K., Bakhtawar, S. (2025). AIES '24: Proceedings of the 2024 AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society: 1036-1050.> Human-centric AI: perspectives on trust and the future of AI
Responsible AI Report by TELUS. (2025).
> Informational Justice in AI-Assisted Fact-Checking
Neumann, T., De-Arteaga, M., Fazelpour, S., Lease, M., ANd Saar-Tsechansky. (2025).
arXiv
> Evaluating Toxicity Understanding of LLM Agents
Mothilal, R.K., Ahmed, S. I., and Guha, S., (2025). IEEE International Conference on Collaborative Advances in Software and COmputiNg (CASCON)
> Bias, Norms, and Function: comments on Thomas Kelly's Bias: A Philosophical Study.
Johnson, G. M. (2025). Philosophical Studies 182: 3025-3035.
> The Value of Disagreement in AI Design, Evaluation, and Alignment.
Fazelpour, S., & Fleisher, W. (2025). FAccT 2025, 2138-2150.
> Epistemic Monocultures and the Effect of AI Personalization.
O'Brien, J., Rubin, H., Wong, K., Fazelpour, S. (2025). Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (47): 5803-5809.
> Authenticity and exclusion: a simulation study of how social media algorithms shape visibility in epistemic communities
Akpinar, N. and Fazelpour, S. (2025). Synthese 206(4): 205.
> Hunting for humans: on slavery, the emergence of the US as the world’s first super industrial state and its deployment of artificial intelligence and other military technology to repress dissent and neutralize enemy combatants.
Clay-Gilmore, M. (2025). AI Ethics 5, 3743–3762.
> AI ethics’ institutional turn Maclure, J. and Morin-Martel, A. (2025). Digital Society 4(18): 1-25.> Race, Time, and Utopia: Critical Theory and the Process of Emancipation
Paris, W. (2025). Oxford University Press.
> The hard proxy problem: proxies aren't intentional; they're intentional.
Johnson, G. M. (2025). Philosophical Studies 182: 1383-1411.
> Residual Mobilities and Religious Practices: Exploring the Experiences of the Hindu Migrants in Canada.
Bhattacharjee, A., Rifat, M.R., Das, D., Taiabul Haque, S.M., and Ahmed, S.I. (2025.) Proceedings of the ACM Human-Computer Interaction, Vol. 9(2), Article CSCW159
> Value inheritance: the transmission of values through cognitive extenders.
Gagnier, H. (2025). Synthese 206(156).
> Finding Consensus on Trust in AI in Healthcare: Recommendations from a Panel of International Experts
Starke, G., Gille, F., Termine, A., Vold, K. et al. (2025). Journal of Medical Internet Research 27, e:56306.
> Exploring the Roots of the Slave Mentality: Phallicism, Genocidal Violence, Homoeroticism and Rape in the Jewish Holocaust and American Police-State
Clay-Gilmore, M. (2025) Journal of African American Studies 28(3).


2024

> Privacy-Preserving Race/Ethnicity Estimation for Algorithmic Bias Measurement in the U.S.
Badrinarayanan, S., Osoba, O., Cheng, M., Rogers, R., Jain, S., Tandra, R., Pillai, N.S. (2024)
> The Black Androids: A Chrestomathy.
Diagne, A., Grenon, E., Hasan, S., Johnstone, H., Jones-Imhotep, E., Offord, A., Young, N.O., Rudder, S. Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences (2024). 54(3): 407–421.
> Striking the empire back: Dr. Strangelove and the global histories of technology.
Jones-Imhotep, E. (2024). History and Technology, 40(1–2), 4–17.
> Racial Bias in AI should be the immediate concern.
Christian, G. (2024). Policy Options.
> The Challenges of Thick Diversity, Polarization, Debiasing, and Tokenization for Cross-Group Teaching: Some Critical Notes
Basu, R. (2024). In NOMOS LXVI: Civic Education in Polarized Times, eds. Eric Beerbohm and Elizabeth Beaumont, NYU Press
> The New Jim Crow: Unmasking Racial Bias in AI Facial Recognition Technology within the Canadian Immigration System.
Christian, G. (2024). McGill Law Journal 69(4), 441-466.
> Varieties of bias.
Johnson, G. M. (2024). Philosophy Compass 19(7), e13011.
> Legal framework for the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in the Canadian criminal justice system.
Christian, G. (2024). Canadian Journal of Law & Technology 21(2), 109–132.
> Disciplining Deliberation: A Socio-technical Perspective on Machine Learning Trade-Offs Fazelpour, S. (2024).
The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science.
> Human-AI Cognitive Teaming: Using AI to support State-level Decision Making on the Resort to Force
Vold, K. (2024). Journal Australian Journal of International Affairs 78(2): 229-236.
> Diverse, but divisive: LLMs can exaggerate gender differences in opinion related to harms of misinformation
Neumann, T. Lee, S., De-Arteaga, M., Fazelpour, S., and Lease, M. (2024).
arXiv:2401.16558



acknowledgment

We wish to acknowledge the land on which the University of Toronto operates. For thousands of years it has been the traditional land of the Huron-Wendat, the Seneca, and the Mississaugas of the Credit. Today, it is still home to many Indigenous people from across Turtle Island and we are grateful to have the opportunity to convene our project on this land.